R. Moliner, M.J. Lázaro, I. Suelves, and M.J. Blesa
Biomass, wastes, coal, co-utilization
Implementation of a more sensible energy-environmental policy should include a “green alliance of biomass and coal to pursue eco- friendly technologies for co-utilizing biomass and other opportunity fuels with coal or natural gas [1]. This article discusses two parallel cases of copyrolysis of coal with biomass or wastes. In the first case, smokeless fuel briquettes are prepared with a low-rank coal and biomass byproducts such as olive stones and sawdust. Additives to improve the mechanical properties and the sulfur retention in ash are used. The briquettes showed good mechanical properties and slow, uniform, smokeless combustion. In the second case, petroleum residua and waste lubrication oils are used to produce chemicals and energy by co-pyrolysis with coal. It has been shown that co- pyrolysis in the presence of coal char selectively promotes transfer of hydrogen from the parent material to the gas and liquid products, concentrating carbon in the reminder char. Split-off hydrogen from carbon is enhanced when the primary co-pyrolysis products are submitted to thermocatalytic decomposition in a subsequent catalytic step. This process represents an attractive route for the production of carbon dioxide–free hydrogen from hydrocarbons, whatever their origin.
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