S.P. Zhou, S.-P. Ting, Z.Q. Shen, and L.B. Luo
Virtual environments, simulation, training, first-person shooter game
We describe our work on Twilight City, a virtual training envi- ronment for Military Operations on Urbanized Terrain (MOUT). MOUT are often characterized by building-to-building, room-to- room, and person-to-person close combat, therefore the virtual train- ing environment for MOUT requires high fidelity in 3D graphics and realistic behaviors of various objects. Twilight City is constructed on a commercial multi-player first-person shooter (FPS) game en- gine, the Unreal Tournament (UT). Various modifications to the UT game engine have been made to incorporate various aspects in real MOUT scenarios. Case studies show that the AI bots are able to demonstrate some human-like tactical behavior. Human factor tests are conducted to evaluate the performance of Twilight City. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of Twilight City as an urban warfare simulation environment. The lessons learned from these experiments are also discussed which provide directions for future improvement.
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