T.J. Hammons
Climate change measures in U.K., greenhouse gas (GHG) emissionsand removals, GHG inventory for U.K., policies and measures onGHG emissions in U.K., projections for GHG emissions in U.K.,vulnerability assessment and climate change impacts, research andobservations on GHG emissions in U.K.
This article summarizes the diverse and innovative spectrum of measures that are being taken to promote capacity building on climate change at all levels in the U.K. It provides an in-depth review of the achievements in the United Kingdom under the United Nations framework convention on climate change. The objective has been achieved and exceeded mainly as a result of the policies and measures that were put in place for liberalizing the electricity market. It discusses national circumstances together with relevant general, energy, and environmental policies; greenhouse inventory information (inventory preparation and overall emission trends); policies and measures (cross-sectoral policies and measures, energy production and transportation, residential and commercial sectors, transport, industry, agriculture, and waste); and total projections and total effect of policies and measures (scenario deļ¬nitions and key assumptions, projected emission trends, effects of policies and measures, and overall evaluation of projections). Also considered are vulnerability assessment, climate change impacts and adaptation measures, research and systematic observation, and education, training, and public awareness. The most notable achievement has been a reduction in GHG emissions of 12.8% between 1990 and 2000, thereby returning GHG emissions to their 1990 level. Notable decreases have been obtained for the three main GHGs, N2O (35%), CH4 (33%), and CO2(8%). Important policies in meeting the reduction target include the Domestic Emissions Trading Scheme, the Climate Change Levy, and the Renewables Obligation.
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