Milad N. Azari and Mehdi Samami
Transformer, inter-turn, flux based, saturation
This investigation is to achieve a better understanding of the behaviour of transformers with an inter-turn fault in a frame of a flexible model with the ability to change the fault severity and the number of shorted turns. In this article, the equations of a three-phase transformer are specified, and the effect of inter-turn fault is included. By applying an inter-turn fault the inductance and resistance matrix in the faulty phases will change. Thus, unknown quantities of inductances and resistances for completing the matrix are calculated and the inputs, outputs and state variables are specified. All the equations will be rewritten in terms of state variables again, subsequently saturation effect is added to the specified model and the block diagram of the proposed model is simulated. Various results obtained from this article confirm the behaviour of a faulty transformer such as high circulating current in the shorted turns, lower magnitude of terminal voltages and currents in lower levels of circulating currents, a sudden increase in current flowing in the faulty winding and asymmetrical flux distribution.
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