Ramesh Guguloth and T.K. Sunil Kumar
CM, OPF, classical and intelligence methods, TCSC and DG units
The congestion on transmission lines is a major issue in restructured power systems, the congestion occurs when the physical constraints on the transmission line are active, it means that the thermal limit of lines violates and it is called as a congested system. The congestion management (CM) is an important technique to control the transactions and keep the line flows schedule which will not overload the network. This paper presents relieving transmission line congestion with two methods. The first method is without disturbing any existing transactions by placing a thyristor-controlled series capacitor (TCSC) at optimal locations in the lines and the second method is rescheduling generators by considering a distribution generation (DG) unit at optimal locations on a load bus. The optimal locations of TCSC and DG units are obtained by the real power flow sensitivity index (PI) and transmission line relief (TLR) sensitivity indexes. The optimal power flow (OPF) is developed by overloading or line outage test system and simulated by optimization methods to find congested networks, the same line congestion will be alleviated by placing the TCSC/DG unit at optimal locations, and their optimal locations are found with the help of PI and TLR sensitivity indexes. All the OPF solutions are obtained by both classical (primal linear programming and interior point) and intelligent (particle swarm optimizations and genetic algorithm) methods. The proposed methods have been examined on 26-bus test systems.
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