Rifai Chai, Gregory P. Hunter, Sai H. Ling, and Hung T. Nguyen
Biomedical electronic, Biomedical signal processing, Data and signal acquisition, Brain computer interface
A brain computer interface (BCI) using electroencephalography (EEG) to measure brain activities could provide severely disabled people with alternative means of control and communication. In a practical system, portability, low power and real-time operation are the keys requirements. This could be accomplished by using an embedded microcontroller based system. The main contribution of this paper shows the development of a real-time BCI prototype system to classify groups of mental tasks based on such a system. The relevant mental tasks used are mental arithmetic, figure rotation, letter composing, visual counting and eyes closed action. Moreover, the system uses a separate two channels only wireless EEG measurement module with the active positions at parietal and occipital lobes. The result shows the wireless EEG module has a good performance with a CMRR of more than 95dB. In addition, the size of the module is small (36x36 mm2) and current consumption is low enough to operate off a 3V coin cell battery. The mental tasks were classified using a feed-forward back-propagation artificial neural network (ANN) trained with the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. An accuracy of around 70% was achieved with bit rate at around 0.4 bits/trial for six subjects tested to select between three separate mental tasks.
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