An Early Warning Protection Method against Distribution Transformers Failure due to Overloading

E.I. Koufakis, P.T. Tsarabaris, J.S. Katsanis, A.D. Polykrati, and S.D. Anagnostatos (Greece)

Keywords

Distribution transformer, overloading protection, load management NOMENCLATURE Isc the short-circuit current Inom the nominal current of the fuse x model independent variable (time in years) y model dependent variable (demand in kVA) a, b model coefficients to be determined Pnom the transformer nominal power (kVA) Pmax the maximum load of the transformer, measured within the last year (kVA) Pt the transformer load (in kVA) at time t Pper the permissible loading of the transformer (k

Abstract

The task of a distribution substation is to supply the end users, continually and safely, with electric energy of high quality. To meet the above requirements many constraints and considerations must be taken into account during the planning and operation of the substation. The main and most costly component of a distribution substation is the transformer. This paper mainly refers to the transformer protection system, as well as to measurements of distribution substations already operating in the network. A method to prevent the transformer’s failure due to overloading is proposed.

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