EVOLUTIONARY PROGRAMMING APPLIED TO BRANCH OUTAGE SIMULATION FOR CONTINGENCY STUDIES

E.J. Contreras-Hern´ndez and J.R. Cedeno-Maldonado a ˜

Keywords

Security assessment, branch outage simulation, evolutionary pro-gramming, contingency studies, fast-decoupled power flow, DCsensitivity factors.

Abstract

This paper presents the application of evolutionary programming (EP) in the area of power systems security. Specifically, EP is used to obtain the post-outage system bus voltage magnitudes from a branch outage model for reactive power. This technique overcomes the accuracy deficiencies of traditionally used linear methods when calculating the post-outage Q-V quantities and its formulation is simpler than other procedures based on bounded network theory. The results produced by the proposed solution methodology are obtained by following a two-step procedure. First, DC sensitivity factors are calculated to obtain the post-outage P-δ quantities. Second, a constrained optimization problem is formulated, which is then solved via the EP technique to find the set of post-outage system bus voltage magnitudes. The proposed model is valid for both lines and transformers, and only two decision variables are included throughout the optimization process. These facts, along with the use of the base case (pre-outage) variables, make the proposed method suitable for finding accurate solutions with a minimum of computational resources. To validate the usefulness and applicability of the proposed method, it was tested on the modified IEEE 30-bus system. The obtained results are comparable with those obtained from a full AC Newton power flow routine.

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