H. Goyal, M. Handmandlu, and D.P. Kothari
Speed control, ballasts, automatic control, servomotor, proportional integral controller, stochastic load disturbance, artificial neural networks
This paper presents a flow control approach for the speed control of hydro turbines. Power can be controlled by manipulating the rotary motion of the spear valve or the linear motion of the sluice gate. In this paper a flow control based model is proposed for the automatic control of small hydro power plants. In the proposed model a servomotor is used to control the flow of water by controlling the rotational motion of the spear valve. The spear valve causes a "continuous" control of the flow of water. "Discrete" flow control is achieved by the use of a sluice gate, which is activated by a relay. The suitability of servomotors for the control of small hydro power plants is discussed and PI controllers are used to further enhance their governing capability. State space representation is used to mathematically model the proposed approach. Extensive simulations are performed to analyze the behaviour of the proposed model. Parameter optimization is performed using artificial neural networks.
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