P. Martins and P. Carvalho (Portugal)
Watermarking, spatial masking, minimum pixel perturbations
This paper describes an adaptive spatial masking technique for frequency-based image watermarking schemes. The strategy consists of defining minimum and maximum allowable pixel perturbations. These minimum pixel perturbations, defined as constraints of an optimal water mark embedding problem, are obtained from measuring the effects in terms of inaccuracy of the most damaging interpolation methods over images. By including these perturbations, the robustness of watermarking schemes is improved: the watermark strength in images regions which are less vulnerable to distortions is increased. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is illustrated with experiments made on two watermarking algorithms where the described masking technique was applied.
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